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| This page will be updated with SPARQL examples as the course progresses.
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| == SPARQL Examples from Session 3: SPARQL==
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| ===Prefixes used===
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| The examples below will assume that these are in place.
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|
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| PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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| PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
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| PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
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| PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
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| PREFIX bibo: <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/>
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| PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
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| PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
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| PREFIX ss: <http://semanticscholar.org/>
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| PREFIX kg: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/>
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| PREFIX sp: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/science-parse/>
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| PREFIX th: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/theme/>
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|
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| PREFIX ex: <http://example.org/>
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| PREFIX xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
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| PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
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|
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|
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| ===select all triplets in graph===
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|
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| SELECT ?s ?p ?o
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| WHERE {
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| ?s ?p ?o .
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| }
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| ===select the interestes of Cade===
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|
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| SELECT ?cadeInterest
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| WHERE {
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| ex:Cade ex:interest ?cadeInterest .
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| }
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| ===select the country and city where Emma lives===
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|
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| SELECT ?emmaCity ?emmaCountry
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| WHERE {
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| ex:Emma ex:address ?address .
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| ?address ex:city ?emmaCity .
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| ?address ex:country ?emmaCountry .
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| }
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| ===select the people who are over 26 years old===
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|
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| SELECT ?person ?age
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| WHERE {
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| ?person ex:age ?age .
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| FILTER(?age > 26) .
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| }
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| ===select people who graduated with Bachelor===
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|
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| SELECT ?person ?degree
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| WHERE {
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| ?person ex:degree ?degree .
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| ?degree ex:degreeLevel "Bachelor" .
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|
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| }
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| ===delete cades photography interest===
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| DELETE DATA
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| {
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| ex:Cade ex:interest ex:Photography .
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| }
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| ===delete and insert university of valencia===
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|
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| DELETE { ?s ?p ex:University_of_Valencia }
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| INSERT { ?s ?p ex:Universidad_de_Valencia }
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| WHERE { ?s ?p ex:University_of_Valencia }
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|
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| ===check if the deletion worked===
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|
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| SELECT ?s ?o2
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| WHERE {
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| ?s ex:degree ?o .
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| ?o ex:degreeSource ?o2 .
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| }
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|
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| ===insert Sergio===
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|
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| INSERT DATA {
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| ex:Sergio a foaf:Person ;
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| ex:address [ a ex:Address ;
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| ex:city ex:Valenciay ;
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| ex:country ex:Spain ;
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| ex:postalCode "46021"^^xsd:string ;
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| ex:state ex:California ;
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| ex:street "4_Carrer_del_Serpis"^^xsd:string ] ;
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| ex:degree [ ex:degreeField ex:Computer_science ;
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| ex:degreeLevel "Master"^^xsd:string ;
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| ex:degreeSource ex:University_of_Valencia ;
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| ex:year "2008"^^xsd:gYear ] ;
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| ex:expertise ex:Big_data,
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| ex:Semantic_technologies,
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| ex:Machine_learning;
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| foaf:name "Sergio_Pastor"^^xsd:string .
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| }
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|
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| ===describe Sergio===
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|
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| DESCRIBE ex:Sergio ?o
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| WHERE {
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| ex:Sergio ?p ?o .
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| ?o ?p2 ?o2 .
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| }
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|
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| ===construct that any city is in the country in an address===
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|
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| CONSTRUCT {?city ex:locatedIn ?country}
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| Where {
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| ?s rdf:type ex:Address .
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| ?s ex:city ?city .
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| ?s ex:country ?country.
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| }
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|
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| <!--
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|
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| The data are available in this Blazegraph triple store:
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| [http://sandbox.i2s.uib.no http://sandbox.i2s.uib.no] , but you may need to be inside the UiB network (or on VPN.)
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|
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| SELECT DISTINCT ?p WHERE {
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| ?s rdf:type ss:Paper .
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| ?s ?p ?o .
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| } LIMIT 100
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|
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| ===Explain all types and properties===
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|
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| SELECT ?pt ?e WHERE {
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| ?pt rdfs:comment ?e .
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| } LIMIT 100
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|
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| ===List main papers===
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|
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| SELECT * WHERE {
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|
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| ?paper rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?paper dc:date ?year .
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|
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| }
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|
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| ===List properties===
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|
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| SELECT DISTINCT ?p WHERE {
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| ?s ?p ?o .
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| } LIMIT 100
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|
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| ===List types===
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|
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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|
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| SELECT DISTINCT ?t WHERE {
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| ?s rdf:type ?t .
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| } LIMIT 100
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|
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| ===List authors===
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|
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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| PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
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|
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| SELECT DISTINCT ?p WHERE {
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| ?s rdf:type foaf:Person .
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| ?s ?p ?o .
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| } LIMIT 100
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|
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| Add this to show datatypes!
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| BIND ( DATATYPE(?year) AS ?type )
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|
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| Add this to only show years with the right type.
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| FILTER ( DATATYPE(?year) = xsd:gYear )
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|
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| ===Group and count main papers by year===
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| SELECT ?year (COUNT(?paper) AS ?count) WHERE {
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|
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| ?paper rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?paper dc:date ?year .
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| FILTER ( DATATYPE(?year) = xsd:gYear )
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|
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| }
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| GROUP BY ?year
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| Add this to order the results
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| ORDER BY ?year
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| Add this to order and only show years with more than 5 papers.
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| HAVING (?count > 5)
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| ORDER BY DESC(?count)
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|
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| ===Show papers===
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|
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| SELECT ?paper ?year WHERE {
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|
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| ?paper rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?paper dc:date ?year .
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| FILTER ( DATATYPE(?year) = xsd:gYear )
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|
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| }
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| Change last lines to show papers without an xsd:gYear too.
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| OPTIONAL {
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| ?paper dc:date ?year .
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| FILTER ( DATATYPE(?year) = xsd:gYear )
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| }
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|
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| ===Alternative values for variables===
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|
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| SELECT ?p ?n ?year WHERE {
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| ?p rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?p dc:contributor ?a .
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| ?a foaf:name ?n .
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| ?p dc:date ?year .
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| FILTER ( CONTAINS( ?n, ?str ) )
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| FILTER ( CONTAINS( STR(?year), ?yr) )
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|
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| VALUES ?str { "Andreas" "David" }
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| VALUES ?yr { "2020" "2019" }
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| }
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|
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| ===Property paths (composite properties)===
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|
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| This query:
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| SELECT ?p ?n WHERE {
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| ?p rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?p dc:contributor ?c .
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| ?c foaf:name ?n .
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| }
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|
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| Can be simplified by eliminating ?c:
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| SELECT ?p ?n WHERE {
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| ?p rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?p dc:contributor / foaf:name ?n .
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| }
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|
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| Can be further simplified by first reversing rdf:type:
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| SELECT ?p ?n WHERE {
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| kg:MainPaper ^rdf:type ?p .
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| ?p dc:contributor / foaf:name ?n .
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| }
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|
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| ...and the eliminating ?p:
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| SELECT ?n WHERE {
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| kg:MainPaper ^rdf:type / dc:contributor / foaf:name ?n .
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| }
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|
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| ===Retrieve titles of papers that mention SPARQL===
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|
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| Get papers with topics labelled "SPARQL":
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| SELECT ?t WHERE {
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| ?t ^dc:title / dc:subject / skos:prefLabel "SPARQL" .
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| }
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|
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| Some labels also go via a theme:
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| SELECT ?t WHERE {
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| ?t ^dc:title / dc:subject / th:theme / skos:prefLabel "SPARQL" .
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| }
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|
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| We can get both using a path with an optional element (the '?'):
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| SELECT ?t WHERE {
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| ?t ^dc:title / dc:subject / th:theme? / skos:prefLabel "SPARQL" .
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| }
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|
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| ===Using an external SPARQL endpoint===
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| We limit to a single label to avoid time-outs and rate limitations:
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| SELECT ?a ?n ?r WHERE {
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| ?a rdf:type ss:Topic .
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| ?a skos:prefLabel ?n .
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| FILTER ( ?n = "SPARQL" )
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| BIND ( STRLANG( ?n, "en" ) AS ?n2 )
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| SERVICE <https://dbpedia.org/sparql> {
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| ?r rdfs:label ?n2 .
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| }
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| } LIMIT 1
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|
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| ===Insert 4-digit years for all main papers===
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|
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| Main papers that do not have an xsd:gYear:
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| SELECT * WHERE {
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|
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| ?p rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?p dc:date ?d .
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| FILTER ( DATATYPE(?d) = xsd:gYear )
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|
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| }
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|
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| Show the datatypes:
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| SELECT * WHERE {
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|
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| ?p rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?p dc:date ?d .
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| FILTER ( DATATYPE(?d) = xsd:dateTime )
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| BIND ( year( ?d ) AS ?dt )
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|
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| }
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|
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| Insert 4-digit years:
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| INSERT { ?paper dc:date ?year }
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| WHERE {
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|
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| ?paper rdf:type kg:MainPaper .
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| ?paper dc:date ?date .
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| FILTER( DATATYPE(?date) != xsd:gYear )
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| BIND ( YEAR(?date) AS ?year )
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|
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| }
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| (Actually, these years are xsd:integer- s, not quite xsd:gYear-s.)
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|
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| == SPARQL Examples from Session 7: RDFS==
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| ===Turn on inference!===
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| Make sure inference is on in your triple store, or that you compute closures if you run this in Python with rdflib and OWL-RL.
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| In '''Blazegraph''', create a new "Namespace" with the "Inference" box checked.
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| Remember to "Use" the new namespace.
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|
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| In '''Python''', install the [https://owl-rl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ OWL-RL package] (''pip install owlrl'').
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| Explicitly compute RDFS closure like this:
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| import owlrl.RDFSClosure
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|
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| ...
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|
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| rdfs = owlrl.RDFSClosure.RDFS_Semantics(g, False, False, False)
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| rdfs.closure()
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| rdfs.flush_stored_triples()
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|
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| ===rdfs:subClassOf entailment===
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|
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| Update:
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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| PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
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| PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
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| PREFIX kg: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/>
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|
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| INSERT DATA {
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| kg:TimBernersLee rdf:type kg:Author .
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| kg:Author rdfs:subClassOf foaf:Person .
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| }
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|
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| Query:
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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| PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
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| PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
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| PREFIX kg: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/>
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|
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| ASK {
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| kg:TimBernersLee rdf:type foaf:Person .
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| }
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|
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| ===rdfs:domain entailment===
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|
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| Update:
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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| PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
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| PREFIX dcterm: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
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| PREFIX kg: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/>
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|
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| INSERT DATA {
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| kg:TimBernersLee rdf:type kg:Author .
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| kg:TheSemanticWeb dcterm:contributor kg:TimBernersLee .
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| dcterm:contributor rdfs:domain kg:Paper .
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| }
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|
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| Query:
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| PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
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| PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
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| PREFIX dcterm: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
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| PREFIX kg: <http://i2s.uib.no/kg4news/>
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|
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| ASK {
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| kg:TheSemanticWeb rdf:type kg:Paper .
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| }
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|
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| ==OWL Ontologies==
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|
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| The following files contain an ontology for the knowledge graph used in this page:
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| * Small: [[:File:small-kg4news-ontology.txt]]
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| * Full: [[:File:kg4news-ontology.txt]]
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|
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| Rename them from '.txt.' to '.ttl' after you download them.
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|
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| You can
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| * view the ontologies online using [http://www.visualdataweb.de/webvowl/ WebVOWL] or
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| * download the [https://protege.stanford.edu/products.php#desktop-protege Protegé-OWL] ontology editor.
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| -->
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